Translation Translated from Reichsgesetzblatt I, 1933, p. 479. Hitler narrowly escapes assassination when a bomb explodes in the historic Buergenbraeu Hall in Munich. July 14, 1933 German Law Authorizes Sterilization for Prevention of Hereditary Diseases On July 14, 1933, Germany declared a new law that authorized forced sterilization of certain people with mental or physical disabilities or Between 1907 and 1939, more than 30,000 people in twenty-nine states were sterilized, many of them unknowingly or against their will, while they were incarcerated in prisons or institutions for the mentally ill. On April 30, Hitler commits suicide in a Berlin bunker and Germany surrenders. Friedlander, Henry. Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany on Jan. 30, 1933. Crematorium II at Birkenau is activated. February 1940 – The first deportation of Jews from Germany to Poland. December 1938 – All Jewish property is transferred to Aryan possession. October 1936 – Hitler and Mussolini form the Rome-Berlin Axis. January 1937 – Jews are banned from additional professions, including teaching, dentistry and accounting. October 1940 – Anti-Jewish laws are passed by the Vichy government in France. The first gassing experiments are conducted at Auschwitz. International reaction to the German sterilization law varied. September 1941 – In the ravine of Babi Yar outside Kiev, 34,771 Jews are killed by Germans and Ukrainians. Kühl, Stefan. Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg, who saved tens of thousands of Hungarian Jews, is last seen alive with Soviet troops. May 1944 – In North Africa, the U.S. War Refugee Board opens the first refugee camp. However, some papers were printed in multiple editions, including evening news. Prior to the 1930s, the United States had led the world in forced sterilizations. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. If you are using an evening paper, begin your search on the same day as the event being researched. Cleansing the Fatherland: Nazi Medicine and Racial Hygiene. 127 bombers drop high-explosives on the factory areas at Auschwitz, less than five miles from the gas chambers. © 2020 Aish.com - Your life. Eugenicists believed the human race could be improved by controlled breeding. Special hereditary health courts lent an aura of due process to the sterilization measure, but the decision to sterilize was generally routine. All Jews in Central Poland are required to wear a distinctive yellow armband. On his last visit to Theresienstadt, Adolf Eichmann is heard to say, "I shall gladly jump into the pit, knowing that in the same pit there are 5 million enemies of the state." The Nazi party is later declared the only legal party in Germany. In northern Bulgaria, farmers threaten to lie down on the tracks to prevent the deportation of Jews; the Bulgarian Government rescinds the deportation order. The party has 60 members. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. The next day Austria is annexed to the Third Reich; all anti-Semitic laws are immediately applied. August 1939 – Soviet-German pact is signed by Molotov and Ribbentrop. April 1940 – Himmler issues directive to establish a concentration camp at Auschwitz. Eichmann notes that since December 1941, 97,000 people have been "processed" in three gas-vans. Soon after Hitler took power, the Nazis fulfilled long-held aspirations of eugenics proponents. Gallagher, Hugh Gregory. When Medicine Went Mad: Bioethics and the Holocaust. The Reich Government has In contrast, American eugenicists viewed the law as the logical development of earlier thinking by Germany’s “best specialists” and not as “the hasty improvisation of the Hitler regime.”. Torah Portion, How 3 Previous Pandemics Changed the World, Coming Together Like Roots of Redwood Trees, Newark Minutemen: Fighting Nazis in New Jersey, Moments before Being Gassed at Auschwitz, A Mother’s Letter, Embracing Insecurity: COVID-19 and Sukkot, Menorahs in Montana: Inspiring True Story, Hanukkah and the Secret to Jewish Survival, .years{color:#800000;font-weight:bold;font-size:x-large;}, 1920 1933 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945. Thanks to Danish underground operations, only 415 Jews are captured by the Germans and 7,000 are evacuated to Sweden. February 1920 – The National Socialist German Workers Party publishes a 25-point program in Munich. The Treblinka death camp opens; 700,000 Jews will be murdered there. The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. However, no nation carried sterilization as far as Hitler's Germany. Hitler proclaims himself "Fuehrer"; over 90% of Germans vote in favor of Hitler's new powers. During the period of the Weimar Republic, the KPD (Communist Party of Germany) became more important and passed from 10% to 16.9% of the votes, thus being able to obtain a large number of seats (100) at the Reichstag, i.e. November 1942 – The U.S. State Department confirms the existence of Nazi extermination camps and the murder of two million Jews to date. May 1933 – Public burning of Jewish and anti-Nazi books throughout Germany. June 1944 – U.S. War Department refuses to bomb railroad tracks between Hungary and Auschwitz, where 12,000 Jews are being sent each day to the gas chamber. Eastern European Jewish immigrants are stripped of German citizenship. Hitler becomes head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. March 1933 – Enabling Act is passed in German parliament, giving Hitler dictatorial power. October 1946 – Nuremberg Trials: 10 top Nazi commanders are hanged. March 1941 – 3,600 Jews are arrested in Paris. March 1945 – Anne Frank dies of typhus in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. January 1940 – First underground activities by Jewish youth movements in Poland begin. On July 14, 1933, Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Party officially declared itself the only political party in Germany and outlawed the formation of any other parties. 1933 January 4th: Papen met … Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing squads) begin mass executions of Jews in German-occupied Soviet territory. April 1943 – Warsaw Ghetto Uprising takes place. October 1938 – Following a request from the Swiss government, Germans mark all Jews' passports with a large red letter "J" to restrict Jewish immigration to Switzerland. The law also allowed public health officials to apply the law to those, like  Roma (Gypsies) and “asocial elements” who were seen to reject German social values. January 1-31, 1934 News articles, editorials, opinion pieces, letters-to-the-editor, and political cartoons regarding the beginning of forced sterilizations in Germany under the new law. March 1943 – Liquidation of the Krakow ghetto begins. Approximately 800 prisoners remaining in the Lodz ghetto (after 74,600 had been deported to Auschwitz) are liberated by Soviet troops. Hitler attempts to seize power in Munich, is arrested and tried for high treason and sentenced to five years in prison. As a result, emergency powers are granted to Hitler. June 1941 – Germany invades the Soviet Union. Confronting the "Good Death": Nazi Euthanasia on Trial, 1945-1953. . Vasectomy was the usual sterilization method for men, and for women, tubal ligation, an invasive procedure that resulted in the deaths of hundreds of women. January 1945 – Death marches to the interior of Germany begin, costing 250,000 Jewish lives. Forced labor is decreed for Polish Jews aged 14 to 60, and the first Polish ghetto is established in Piotrkow, hometown of Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. June 1939 – The S.S. St. Louis, carrying 930 Jewish refugees, is turned away by Cuba. Your transactions are secure. The 1933 International Boycott of Germany – Execution By Udo Walendy Udo Walendy is a German publish er and author best known for expos ing propaganda photographs from the world wars as fakes, “doctored” to indict Heydrich orders ghettos to be established in occupied Poland. July 1944 – Russians liberate the Majdanek extermination camp. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. of certain individuals with physical and mental disabilities or mental illness. His order mandates the destruction of not only military installations, but also all stores, industries, and transportation and communication installations. Germany became a one-party dictatorship led by National Socialists, whom the law made the only legitimate political party in the country. From 1933 to 1934 Hitler consolidated his power so that by the end of 1934 he held supreme power throughout Nazi Germany. 1936. September 1930 – Stormtroopers terrorize political opponents; Nazi seats in Reichstag rise from 12 to 107. October 14: Nazi Germany announces that it intends to follow Japan's lead and withdraw from the beleaguered League of Nations. In the Polish city of Bialystok, 800 Jews are burned alive inside the Great Synagogue. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2005. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995. There writes Mein Kampf ("My Struggle") articulating his campaign against his archenemy, the Jews. Nazi Party steadily rises to power through intimidation and subterfuge. November 1939 – Nazis destroy the Yeshiva (Talmudic Academy) in Lublin, burning its huge library of holy books in a brazen public display. A second gas chamber is activated at Auschwitz. One week later, the French Army surrenders. Ten Jews are hanged in Zdunsk Wola near Lodz as substitutes for "the 10 hanged sons of Haman." Deportation of Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz begins. This project was made possible in part by support from the Hearst Foundation, Inc. Eastern European Jewish immigrants are stripped of German citizenship. The first concentration camp is established at Dachau. Your Judaism. Aly, Götz, Peter Chroust, and Christian Pross. August 1942 – 250,000 Jews are killed at Belzec and 132,000 in Eastern Territory pits. By Trust Betrayed: Patients, Physicians, and the License to Kill in the Third Reich. January 30th 1933 Adolf Hitler was appointed Germany’s Chancellor on January 30th 1933. July 1932 – Nazi Party wins 230 seats in Reichstag. May 1942 – Extermination begins at Sobibor. In the … Prior to the 1930s, the United States had led the world in forced sterilizations.