[26], Stieglitz, twenty-four years older than O'Keeffe,[26] provided financial support and arranged for a residence and place for her to paint in New York in 1918. Homes and Belongings. 2 - Special, 1915, charcoal on laid paper, 23.6 by 18.2 inches (60 cm × 46.3 cm), National Gallery of Art, O'Keeffe, Blue #1, 1916, watercolor and graphite on paper, Brooklyn Museum, O'Keeffe, Sunrise', 1916, watercolor on paper, O'Keeffe, No. [2] She attended Town Hall School in Sun Prairie. [19] In early 1916, O'Keeffe was in New York at Teachers College, Columbia University. [60], During the 1940s, O'Keeffe had two one-woman retrospectives, the first at the Art Institute of Chicago (1943). Georgia entrou no ensino médio na Sacred Heart Academy, em Madison, Wisconsin. It was entitled, O'Keeffe at the University of Virginia, 1912–1914. [77] She did not paint again until January 1934. [90] She received unprecedented acceptance as a woman artist from the fine art world due to her powerful graphic images and within a decade of moving to New York City, she was the highest-paid American woman artist. While there, she created the painting, The Flag,[16] which expressed her anxiety and depression about the war. They developed a close personal relationship while he promoted her work. Close-up flowers, a signature motif, are so magnified that the petals and blooms become abstracted into sweeping shapes and swaths of color. During that time, she studied art during the summers between 1912 and 1914 and was introduced to the principles and philosophies of Arthur Wesley Dow, who created works of art based upon personal style, design, and interpretation of subjects, rather than trying to copy or represent them. O'Keeffe created many forms of abstract art, including close-ups of flowers, such as the Red Canna paintings, that many found to represent female genitalia,[5] although O'Keeffe consistently denied that intention. März 1986 in Santa Fe, New Mexico) zählt zu den bekanntesten US-amerikanischen Malerinnen des 20. [27], Worcester Art Museum held a retrospective of her work in 1960[22] and ten years later, the Whitney Museum of American Art mounted the Georgia O'Keeffe Retrospective Exhibition. [58][59] She painted flowers, landscapes, and traditional Hawaiian fishhooks. Biographie. [81], In 1996, the U.S. Georgia O'Keeffe was born on November 15, 1887, in a farmhouse located at 2405 Hwy T in the town of Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. [52][53], In 1938, the advertising agency N. W. Ayer & Son approached O'Keeffe about creating two paintings for the Hawaiian Pineapple Company (now Dole Food Company) to use in advertising. Under Bement, she learned of innovative ideas of Arthur Wesley Dow, a colleague of her instructor. Conhecida por suas pinturas com foco em detalhes de flores, a paisagem do Novo México e os arranha-céus de Nova Iorque, é considerada hoje como a "mãe" do modernismo dos Estados Unidos. [25] O'Keeffe, who enjoyed sunrises and sunsets, developed a fondness for intense and nocturnal colors. [97], In November 2016, the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum recognized the importance of her time in Charlottesville by dedicating an exhibition, using watercolors that she had created over three summers. [44], In 1972, O'Keeffe lost much of her eyesight due to macular degeneration, leaving her with only peripheral vision. Com apenas dez anos de idade, Georgia decidiu que seria artista e assim ela e sua irmã começaram a ter aulas particulares de uma aquarelista local, chamada Sara Mann. [39] The next year she made her final New York City skyline and skyscraper paintings and traveled to New Mexico, which became a source of inspiration for her work. [85] Her body was cremated and her ashes were scattered, as she wished, on the land around Ghost Ranch. Resembling Ram's Head with Hollyhock, it depicted the skull floating above the horizon. However, due to the press, O'Keeffe's paintings sold at a higher price from that point onward. With Red Canna, Georgia O'keeffe continued the tendency to distill abstract patterns from natural sources, but now vastly enlarging the fragment of the blossom to fill the thirty-six-inch canvas.The enlargement of motif coincided with her Bing Trees and magnified leaves, also begun in 1924, and, like the latter, her large flowers were drawn from close-up study of natural forms. O'Keeffe and Stieglitz lived together in New York until 1929, when O'Keeffe began spending part of the year in the Southwest, which served as inspiration for her paintings of New Mexico landscapes and images of animal skulls, such as Cow's Skull: Red, White, and Blue and Ram's Head White Hollyhock and Little Hills. Her father had gone bankrupt and her mother was seriously ill with tuberculosis. The gallery promoted the work of avant-garde artists from the United States and Europe and photographers. [27][44], Todd Webb, a photographer she met in the 1940s, moved to New Mexico in 1961. Seu avô por parte de mãe era George Victor Totto, um conde húngaro que imigrou para os Estados Unidos em 1848, de quem Georgia herdou o primeiro nome como homenagem. II, 1917, watercolor on newsprint paper, 11 7⁄8 by 8 7⁄8 inches (30 cm × 23 cm), Amon Carter Museum of American Art, O'Keeffe, Series 1, No. [13] O'Keeffe stayed in Wisconsin with her aunt attending Madison Central High School[14] until joining her family in Virginia in 1903. [45][46] By the late twenties she was noted for her work as an American artist, particularly for the paintings of New York city skyscrapers and close-up paintings of flowers. [69] She disliked being called a "woman artist" and wanted to be considered an "artist. In 1905, O'Keeffe began her serious formal art training at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago[3] and then the Art Students League of New York, but she felt constrained by her lessons that emphasised the recreation or copying of nature. In 1977, O'Keeffe wrote: "[the] cliffs over there are almost painted for you—you think—until you try to paint them. [88][89], O'Keeffe, Untitled - vase of flowers, 1903–05, watercolor on paper, Georgia O'Keeffe Museum, O'Keeffe, Red Canna, 1915, watercolor on paper, 19.4 by 13.0 inches (49.2 cm × 33.0 cm), Yale University Art Gallery, O'Keeffe, Drawing No. Georgia Totto O'Keeffe (Sun Prairie, 15 de novembro de 1887 – Santa Fé, 6 de março de 1986) foi uma pintora estadunidense. This exhibition brings together some of her most important works, including Jimson Weed/White Flower No. Estudou na Town Hall School, em Sun Prairie. It premiered on September 19, 2009. Alfred Stieglitz, an art dealer and photographer, held an exhibit of her works in 1917. [2] She took classes at the University of Virginia for two more summers. [44], Judy Chicago gave O'Keeffe a prominent place in her The Dinner Party (1979) in recognition of what many prominent feminist artists considered groundbreaking introduction of sensual and feminist imagery in her works of art. [72] In 1985, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts by President Ronald Reagan. O'Keeffe attended high school at Sacred Heart Academy in Madison, Wisconsin, as a boarder between 1901 and 1902. [2][11] From 1912 to 1914, she taught art in the public schools in Amarillo in the Texas Panhandle, and was a teaching assistant to Bement during the summers. [9], O'Keeffe began creating simplified images of natural things, such as leaves, flowers, and rocks. [27] O'Keeffe began to spend the summers painting in New Mexico in 1929. She taught at Columbia College, Columbia, South Carolina in late 1915, where she completed a series of highly innovative charcoal abstractions,[11] based on her personal sensations. Dow's approach was influenced by principles of Japanese art regarding design and composition. 5 Artists to Follow if You Like Georgia O’Keeffe, Frida Kahlo and Georgia O’Keeffe’s Formative Friendship, Inside Georgia O’Keeffe and Agnes Martin’s Unexpected Friendship, Alfred Stieglitz’s Sensual Photographs of Georgia O’Keeffe Reveal Her Vulnerability. [27][44], In February 1921, Stieglitz's photographs of O'Keeffe were included in a retrospective exhibition at the Anderson Galleries. [22] In 1928, he announced to the press that six of her calla lily paintings sold to an anonymous buyer in France for US$25,000, but there is no evidence that this transaction occurred the way Stieglitz reported. [62], In 1946, she began making the architectural forms of her Abiquiú house—patio wall and door—subjects in her work. [52] In 1936, she completed what would become one of her best-known paintings, Summer Days. [2][11] Due to typhoid fever, she had to take a year off from her education. [2], In 1908, O'Keeffe found out that she would not be able to finance her studies. Early life. Começou a estudar a pintura a sério em 1905, no School of the Art Institute of Chicago e depois no Art Students League of New York, mas sentia-se limitada pelas cópias que fazia de outras obras ou do que via na natureza. She buried his ashes at Lake George. 8, 1918, oil-painting on canvas, 20.0 by 16.0 inches (50.8 cm × 40.6 cm), Lenbachhaus, Munich, O'Keeffe, Red Canna, 1919, oil on board, High Museum of Art, Atlanta, O'Keeffe, A Storm, 1922, pastel on paper, mounted on illustration board, 18.3 by 24.4 inches (46.4 cm × 61.9 cm) Metropolitan Museum of Art, O'Keeffe was a legend beginning in the 1920s, known as much for her independent spirit and female role model as for her dramatic and innovative works of art. In 1908, unable to fund further education, she worked for two years as a commercial illustrator and then taught in Virginia, Texas, and South Carolina between 1911 and 1918. She was also known for her complicated relationship with Alfred Stieglitz. [7][8] Her parents, Francis Calyxtus O'Keeffe and Ida (Totto) O'Keeffe, were dairy farmers. [76] They primarily lived in New York City, but spent their summers at his family home, Oaklawn, in Lake George in upstate New York. The varicolored cliffs of Ghost Ranch inspired some of her most famous landscapes. Em 1908, sem condições de pagar pela faculdade, ela começou a trabalhar como ilustradora e entre 1911 e 1918 deu aulas na Virgínia, no Texas e na Carolina do Sul. O casal O'Keeffe teve sete filhos e Georgia era a segunda mais velha. "[75], In 1924, Stieglitz was divorced from his wife Emmeline, and he married O'Keeffe. Hamilton taught O'Keeffe to work with clay and helped her write her autobiography. Georgia Totto O’Keeffe (* 15.November 1887 in Sun Prairie, Dane County, Wisconsin; † 6. I (1917). "[93][94], A substantial part of her estate's assets were transferred to the Georgia O'Keeffe Foundation, a nonprofit. which by the mid-1920s were large-scale depictions of flowers, as if seen through a magnifying lens, such as Oriental Poppies[31][32] and several Red Canna paintings. She stopped oil painting without assistance in 1972. [21] Her studies at the University of Virginia, based upon Dow's principles, were pivotal in O'Keeffe's development as an artist. John the Apostle's head was replaced with Nancy Graves, and Christ's with Georgia O'Keeffe. [44] In 1993, she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. By far the most productive and vivid period was on Maui, where she was given complete freedom to explore and paint. Seu pai tinha ascendência irlandesa. [51], In 1973, she hired 27-year-old John Bruce (Juan) Hamilton, a potter, as a live-in assistant and then a caretaker. They developed a professional relationship and a personal relationship that led to their marriage in 1924. [19][24] After her relationship with Alfred Stieglitz started, her watercolour paintings ended quickly. [86][87] The case became famous as a precedent in estate planning. [2] In 1907, she attended the Art Students League in New York City, where she studied under William Merritt Chase, Kenyon Cox and F. Luis Mora. [2] She also was not interested in creating a career as a painter based upon the mimetic tradition which had formed the basis of her art training.